Section 2508. Removal of Paint and Painting Steel Bridge Structures.
2508.01 REMOVAL OF PAINT.
A. Non-Hazardous Paint Removal.
1. General.
This specification will only be used for structures previously painted with "non-lead based" paints and for structures with Scratch Tests indicating a non-hazardous waste is expected to be generated during the project. Although wastes generated are expected to be non-hazardous as identified in 40 CFR 261, there may be other issues which are regulated by OSHA and it is the Contractor's responsibility to take whatever precautions are necessary to comply with Federal and State safety and health regulations. Scratch tests are provided elsewhere in the contract documents for information per Iowa Code Section 89B.8, 1.2. Bridge Cleaning.
This work involves removing accumulated foreign material, loose paint, and water washing areas designated elsewhere in the contract documents.a. Removal of Accumulated Foreign Material.
Prior to water washing, all accumulated foreign material shall be removed from beams, member flanges, gusset plates, abutment bridge seats, pier tops, truss joints, deck drains, and at other locations as directed by the Engineer. The accumulated foreign material shall be removed by hand brooms, hand shovels, vacuum cleaners or other methods acceptable to the Engineer. The removed material shall be collected and disposed at an approved waste area in accordance with Federal, State, and local regulations. At no time shall this removed material be allowed to fall or be disposed in the water or on the land below the bridge.b. Loosely Adherent Paint.
Loosely adherent paint shall be removed in areas designated for painting using hand tool methods in accordance with SSPC-SP2, prior to water washing. All paint removal operations will require containment as specified later in this specification.c. Water Washing.
Prior to abrasive blast cleaning, steel surfaces to be repainted, abutment seats, pier caps, and other surfaces that may be designated elsewhere in the contract documents shall be washed with high-pressure water to remove salt contaminants, dirt, bird excrement, and other detrimental foreign material. Detergents or cleaners and scrubbing may be needed in conjunction with water washing. The maximum water pressure shall not be so high that any paint is removed. The water shall be clear fresh water that is free of sediments and salt contaminants. After water cleaning, all oily or greasy residues shall be cleaned with solvent in accordance with SSPC-SP1.Chalking shall be removed from existing painted surfaces onto which paint is to be applied. For example, transition zones for spot or zone painting, surfaces that will receive a top coat over an existing prime or top coat. In those areas, the chalked pigment shall be removed by water washing. Detergents or cleaners and scrubbing may be needed in conjunction with water washing. Any detergents or cleaners used shall be compatible with the existing paint system. Detergents and/or cleaners shall be pre-approved by the new paint manufacturer and applied in accordance with the product manufacturer's recommendations. The Contractor shall submit Materials Safety Data Sheet(s) and any technical field guides for any detergent or cleaner to the Engineer for review and approval before using. If detergents or cleaners are used, the surface shall be thoroughly rinsed with water to remove all residue prior to painting.
3. Blast Cleaning and Surface Preparation.
a. Abrasive Blast Cleaning.
This work involves preparing all designated surfaces to be painted by either:1) abrasive blasting using conventional equipment and/or;
2) vacuum blasting equipment.
Some hand-tool and/or power-tool cleaning may be required in areas not fully accessible to the other methods.
Abrasive blasting systems shall incorporate abrasive recycling to reduce waste volume to the greatest extent possible.
b. Standards For Surface Preparation.
1) Abrasive Blasting.
Areas to be painted shall be prepared by a dry abrasive blast method to a level (SSPC-SP6 and/or SSPC-SP10) as designated elsewhere in the contract documents. The current SSPC-VIS1, Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel, will be used in conjunction with the appropriate written SSPC Standard for acceptance of final surface preparation. Surface profile (etched height) shall be 1.5 to 2.5 mils (25 µm to 50 µm) as measured by replica tape or surface profile comparator.Small areas that cannot be cleaned using abrasive blasting equipment shall be prepared using hand-tool and/or power-tool methods. SSPC Standards applicable to the method(s) applied will be used to evaluate surface preparation.
After blasting or mechanical preparation, the surface to be painted shall be thoroughly cleaned with dry, oil free, compressed air, and/or HEPA Vacuums to remove all adhering blast residue. All oily or greasy residues shall be removed with solvent in accordance with SSPC-SP1, Solvent Cleaning.
2) Removal of Existing Deteriorated Paint by Mechanical Methods.
The contract documents may designate areas to be painted which shall be cleaned by mechanical methods. This will be:
a) Areas of deteriorated paint where the existing top coat is peeled or deteriorated and the underlying existing primer is in sound condition. In these cases the Contractor shall remove only the existing top coat by manual methods in accordance with SSPC-SP2 so the underlying existing primer is left in place. The deteriorated top coat shall be removed back to the boundary of soundly adhering top coat. A soundly adhering top coat is defined as that which cannot be lifted from the primer with a putty knife.
b) Spot areas deemed to small to be effectively prepared by abrasive blasting.
The deteriorated paint shall be removed back to the boundary of soundly adhering existing primer. Regardless of the method used for cleaning, all edges of sites cleaned shall be feathered to a smooth transition between the existing paint and the cleaned area.
Mechanical methods of surface preparation shall be in accordance with SSPC-SP2 and/or SSPC-SP3 as modified below.
Replace Article 3.5 of SP2, Hand Tool Cleaning, with the following:
3.5 SSPC-VIS3, Visual Standards for Power and Hand-Tool Cleaned Steel, shall be used to evaluate the degree of cleaning.
Replace Articles 2.2, 2.3, and 5.3 of SSPC-SP3, Power Tool Cleaning, with the following:
2.2 It is intended that power tool cleaning remove rust, deteriorated paint, detrimental foreign material, and loose mill scale that can be removed by vigorous use of the power tools.
2.3 SSPC-VIS3, Visual Standard for Power and Hand-Tool Cleaned Steel, shall be used to evaluate the degree of cleaning.
5.3 Use power wire brushing, power abrading, power impact, or other power rotary tools to remove rust, deteriorated paint, and loose mill scale. Do not burnish the surface.
After mechanical preparation, the surface to be painted shall be thoroughly cleaned with dry, oil free, compressed air, and/or HEPA Vacuums to remove all adhering blast residue. All oily or greasy residues shall be removed with solvent in accordance with SSPC-SP1, Solvent Cleaning.
3) Galvanized Elements.
Galvanized elements, such as deck drain pipes and bearings, shall be protected and not blast cleaned unless directed by the Engineer. All galvanized elements which need to be cleaned and painted due to their condition will be paid for as extra work in accordance with Article 1109.03.4) Rust Blume or Flash Rust.
Rust blume or flash rust is defined as the development of visible rust on bare metal surfaces after cleaning. If flash rust or rust blume occurs after removal of existing paint, or if a surface is cleaned and left unpainted for more than 24 hours, the surface shall be reblasted or brush blasted and blown down just prior to the application of the first coat of paint.5) Pin Hole Rusting.
Pinhole rust areas may be designated for painting in the contract documents. In areas where there is pin hole rusting and associated staining, abrasive blasting may not be required if the existing paint is sound other than at the pin holes. Mechanical cleaning in accordance with SSPC-SP2, may be used in these areas prior to applying the spot primer.If the mechanical methods do not remove heavy staining of sound paint adjacent to the pinholes, the stain shall be removed to the degree recommended by the manufacturer of the primer. The methods of removal shall also be as recommended by the manufacturer. The recommendations shall be in writing, and a copy shall be provided to the Engineer prior to performing the work.
6) Feathering of Repair Areas.
For spot and zone painting work the Contractor shall feather the existing coating surrounding each repair location. A smooth, tapered transition of 1 to 2 inches (25 mm to 50 mm) onto the existing intact coating is required around each repair area. The Contractor shall roughen the existing coating by hand sanding or a solvent wipe in the feathered area to assure proper adhesion for the new paint. Soundness of the existing paint shall be verified by probing the edges of coating around the periphery of the repair areas with a putty knife in accordance with the requirements of SSPC-SP3.7) Protection of Unpainted Surfaces.
The Contractor shall use whatever precaution is necessary to ensure vehicular traffic, equipment, hardware, fixtures, concrete, and other surfaces are protected against abrasive impact, paint spillage, over-spray, and other damage during the project.For spot or zone painting work, the Contractor shall use protective coverings, shields, or masking as necessary to protect surfaces that are outside the designated painting areas. Protection shall be maintained during the entire period work is being performed which could damage.
The Contractor shall exercise extra care to avoid over-blast damage to the existing coating in non-designated areas. The Contractor shall correct any damage to non-designated areas by cleaning, repairing, and repainting at no additional cost to the Contracting Authority. Repair procedures will be approved by the coating manufacturer's technical representative and submitted to the Engineer for review and approval before the repair work is started.
8) Abrasives.
The Contractor shall use steel shot and/or grit, aluminum oxide, or garnet abrasives. This is to ensure hard durable abrasives are used, to encourage abrasive recycling, and to minimize waste generated by the project. Abrasives shall be clean, dry, and free from contamination. The Contractor shall not use sand or coal slag.If the Contractor chooses to blast with previously used or recycled abrasive, the Contractor shall:
a) obtain a representative sample of that abrasive;
b) have that sample analyzed for TCLP leachable levels of arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver; and
c) submit the laboratory's analytical report prior use to the Engineer for approval.
The Engineer will accept used or recycled abrasives only if the leachable quantity of each metal tested is equal to, or less than one part per million (1 ppm).
The Contractor shall be encouraged to clean and recycle abrasive used during this project to the greatest extent possible. The Contractor shall provide a written abrasive recycling workplan to the Engineer for approval. This proposal shall list the equipment and process used for recycling and recovery of the abrasive, monitoring air dispelled from the recycling process.
The method to monitor dispelled air from the recycling system shall sample and test for total lead and particulate matter of 0.4 mils (10 µm) and smaller (PM10). Blasting will be suspended immediately if the Engineer deems visible dust or particulate matter is in the air expelled from recycling equipment.
9) Chloride Testing.
The Engineer reserves the option to test the blasted surface(s) for residual chloride ions. Chloride ions after blasting and blow down shall be less than 15 µg of chloride per 100 mm2. Areas that are not equal to, or below, these criteria will need to be re-washed, brush blasted, and retested. The Engineer will measure chloride contamination by using a Surface Contamination Analysis Kit, marketed by KTA-Tator Inc. or an equivalent analytical process.4. Containment.
a. General.
Abrasive blasting using conventional equipment will require a system for total containment of the blast area. Containment shall include all containment enclosures, where applicable, monitoring, recovery, and temporary storage of waste. For vacuum blasting, the "contained area" is defined as the area around the blast nozzle and any other connections or equipment where waste, dust, or exhausted air may exit into the environment.The Contractor shall submit a plan for containment enclosures, an analytical report of the abrasives to be used, and a plan for monitoring air quality to the Engineer prior to starting work. A general guideline for containment evaluation abrasive blasting and/or vacuum blasting will be no visual or noticeable dust shall be observed escaping into the atmosphere or onto the ground from the contained area during blasting, blow down, or prior to the daily clean-up operations.
Blasting will be suspended immediately if the Engineer determines that air expelled from containment or from the vacuum nozzle has noticeable dust or particulate matter. If the Engineer determines the containment measures inadequate, the Contractor shall alter the removal operation or the containment to meet the Engineer's requirement.
b. Abrasive Blast Cleaning.
The Contractor shall utilize a system which ensures total containment and recovery of the material removed from the structure. Containment enclosures for bridges over other roadways shall be constructed to allow traffic to be maintained on the bridge being cleaned and the road under the bridge in accordance with traffic control requirements in the contract documents.Removed material will be defined as paint chips, abrasive particles, and other blasting residues. The containment shall prevent removed material and abrasive from drifting and/or being deposited other than within the containment enclosure. The blasting operation will be suspended immediately if the Engineer deems waste cleanup and/or house keeping measures to be inadequate. If the Engineer rules the containment measures inadequate, the Contractor shall alter the operation or the containment to meet the Engineer's requirement.
Impermeable cover materials, such as tarpaulins, drop cloths, or other approved materials shall be used on or above the ground, waterways, and other surfaces. The Contractor shall be responsible for recovery of removed material from the covering materials. Highway pavements and paved surfaces under a structure may be used as a portion of the collection cover for that area providing traffic is maintained on the bridge and on the pavement under the bridge in accordance with traffic control requirements in the contract documents.
All areas used for containment and recovery must be thoroughly cleaned of all debris before work is begun. Areas within a containment shall be closed to the public. Paved surfaces used for recovery areas shall be continuous and free of open cracks. Cracks shall be sealed to prevent infiltration of blast residue prior to commencing any blasting in that area.
Edges of the impermeable cover material shall be turned upward 1 foot (300 mm) to minimize loss of waste materials. Covers on or over roadways, railways, or waterways shall not present a hazard and shall not remain in place overnight without written permission of the Engineer. Edges of the impermeable cover shall be fastened to the vertical drapes to ensure no loss of waste materials. Overlaps of the cover material shall be a minimum of 3 feet (1 m), securely tied together, and continuously taped to prevent loss of removed material.
Vertical drapes shall extend from above the blasting area to the bottom of the enclosure. They shall be securely anchored top and bottom and at the laps to prevent spilling or loss of removed material. Vertical drapes shall be made of material capable of withstanding wind forces without tearing or having a breach of integrity.
Containment enclosures must be anchored to prohibit enclosure encroachment on open traffic lanes, railroad lanes, and waterways. Removed material shall not fall on to surface waters.
c. Monitoring.
During abrasive blasting the Contractor shall monitor air quality by conducting air sampling and testing. This work shall be under the direction of a certified Industrial Hygienist. The minimum sampling frequency shall be one sample of 8 hour duration per week.One purpose of the sampling shall be for the Engineer to determine the effectiveness of the containment. Samples are to be obtained from at least two locations outside and immediately down wind from the containment per 40 CFR, Part 50.
The air monitoring shall identify total lead and total suspended particulate (TSP) to evaluate site compliance with the requirements of Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations. Results of this monitoring shall be provided to the Engineer as soon as they become available. Abrasive blasting will be suspended immediately if the Engineer deems expelled air quality measures to be above EPA standards for particulate matter.
Air quality sampling and testing will not be required for small localized containments when blasting operations have an expected duration of less than approximately 3 hours, or the expected duration of the total amount of blasting on the project is less than approximately 8 hours.
d. Cleaning by Other Methods.
At locations where abrasive blasting is not used, the Contractor shall utilize a waste collection system that ensures containment and collection of the material removed from the structure. Removed material will be defined as paint chips and other residues. The containment shall prevent removed material from drifting and/or being deposited other than on the containment portion provided.Impermeable cover materials, such as tarpaulins or drop cloths shall be used on or above the ground, waterways, surface waters, and other surfaces. The Contractor, from these covering materials, shall accomplish recovery of removed material.
e. Clean-up Contingency.
The Contractor shall be responsible for the clean up of any spills that result from the Contractor's operations at no cost to the Contracting Authority. The Contractor shall provide a written plan for clean up of spills to the Engineer prior to removing paint.For removal activities over water, the Contractor shall have floating boom devices in place during removal operations. These devices shall be capable of preventing waste material from moving away from the site in the event of a breach in the containment system.
f. Recovery and Temporary Storage of Waste.
1) Accumulated bridge cleaning waste shall be deposited in clean new or reconditioned containers that are appropriately sized with securely sealed lids meeting the requirements of Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations. Wastes shall be recovered daily and deposited in these temporary storage containers. The containers shall be securely sealed to shield the contents from the elements at all times. All waste material shall be consolidated to a minimum number of containers.
All residues shall be recovered and transferred carefully and shall not result in release of residues into the air or the contamination of surrounding surfaces. All containers containing residue shall be kept closed and secured except during the addition of waste. Residues shall not remain on bridge surfaces or on the containment material overnight.
All bridge cleaning waste containers shall be clearly marked in not less than 1 1/2 inch (44 mm) block letters stating:
PAINT WASTE
NONHAZARDOUS
(Date)The date shall indicate when waste was first put into the container.
2) The Contractor shall construct or furnish a secured temporary storage area of sufficient size for the contained waste material. Temporary storage areas shall be enclosed with an 8 foot (2.4 m) chain link fence or a roll-off box with a lockable cover. Plans for other secured temporary storage areas may be submitted to the Engineer for approval. Location of the temporary storage area shall be within the right-of-way of the Contracting Authority at a location approved by the Engineer. The base for waste storage shall be above the extreme high water elevation, if constructed within a flood plain.
For projects that will generate less than 55 gallons (208 L) of waste, the fenced temporary storage area or roll-off box will not be required and the Contractor shall be responsible for securely storing the paint waste containers on-site during the project.
3) At, or prior to the conclusion of the work, one representative sample of the waste material from each container shall be obtained. Samples shall be composited so that one representative composite sample is made for every 5 waste containers. Composite sample(s) shall be submitted to a lab for a Toxic Character Leachate Procedure (TCLP) test for the 8 priority metals: (arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver). The Contractor shall provide results of this analysis to the Engineer upon receipt. No waste shall be disposed of, or allowed to leave the site prior to analytical data being given to the Engineer for review and approval of the disposal method.
g. Disposal of Removed Material (Waste).
The Contractor shall transport waste materials in approved containers from temporary storage to a lined Subtitle D landfill (for non-hazardous wastes) or Subtitle C, Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility (TSDF for hazardous wastes) which accepts bridge painting wastes. The Contractor shall transport the wastes to the landfill facility within 5 calendar days of completion of surface preparation operations. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer copies of delivery tickets and landfill invoices for all waste material generated by this project. All disposal of bridge cleaning wastes shall be in accordance will Federal, State, and local regulations.This project is based on the best information available that wastes generated will be non-hazardous for disposal per 40 CFR 261. Disposal of hazardous bridge cleaning wastes will be by extra work in accordance with Article 1109.03.
h. Final Clean up.
Article 1104.08 shall apply.In no case shall any foreign material or other painting related wastes be commingled with the wastes generated from abrasive blast cleaning or paint cleaning by other methods.
5. Protection and Clean up.
For all work, the Contractor shall use every reasonable means to protect the environment, human health and safety, adjacent property, and vehicles from damage resulting from the Contractor's operations, in accordance with Article 1107.07. The Contractor shall be responsible to keep the project site in a neat, clean, and safe working condition. At the end of each working day the Contractor shall cleanup and properly containerize all waste material. Special attention is drawn to steel abrasive and its preponderancy to rust and stain surfaces where material is allowed to accumulate. The Contractor shall be responsible to keep spent abrasive cleaned up on a daily basis and shall remove any staining which occurs. This item will not be measured for payment, but will be considered incidental to all other pay items in this specification.B. Hazardous Paint Removal.
1. General.
This specification will only be used for structures previously painted with lead based paints and for structures with Scratch Tests indicating a hazardous waste is expected to be generated during the project. The Contractor shall take responsibility for whatever precautions are necessary, to comply with Federal and State safety and health regulations. Scratch tests are provided elsewhere in the contract documents for information per Iowa Code section 89B.8, Subsection 1.2. Bridge Cleaning.
Article 2508.01, A, 2, shall apply.3. Blast Cleaning of Structural Steel.
a. Waste Notification.
This structure has previously been painted with coating materials which contained lead and/or chromium pigments. Analytical results from scrape tests of the existing paint system are provided elsewhere in the contract documents. The waste produced is expected to contain paint chips with heavy metal constituents, spent abrasive, rust, and possible mill scale. The Contractor shall take whatever measures are deemed necessary to assure protection for human health and the environment.b. Preconstruction Sampling and Testing.
The Contractor shall obtain representative waste samples from the existing paint system using the selected production blasting system and equipment. An accredited laboratory shall test waste material. Laboratories accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association of National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program, or any EPA certified laboratory may perform the paint waste testing. The Toxic Characteristic Leachate Procedure (TCLP) using EPA test method SW-6010B, TCLP; or an approved equal shall be used with samples being analyzed for the 8 priority metals at a minimum. These metals are arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver. The Contractor shall furnish the analytical results of these tests and reasonable estimated quantities of waste that are expected to be generated per month to the Engineer no later than 12 calendar days following the first day of production blasting.The Contractor shall conduct preconstruction and post-construction soil and river sediment sampling in the areas potentially impacted by blasting activities. At least 3 weeks prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall provide a written program for sampling to the Engineer for review and comment. The program shall identify the number of samples proposed, the sampling locations, and sampling procedure to ensure all areas of potential impact are evaluated and that a statistical basis has been developed.
All sampling should be tested for total lead and chromium content using EPA Method SW-6010B, Totals; or approved equal. It is recommended to sample at locations under and within the shadow of the structure, storm sewer intakes, curb drains, areas where ditches could carry debris laden storm water run-off to the river, locations of equipment and waste storage, and sediments along the bank and in water less than 5 feet (1.5 m) deep. Preconstruction sampling locations need to be marked and resampled at the same location upon completion of work. Refer to Article 2508.01, B, 6, for additional information.
Preconstruction analytical results from soil and sediment sampling shall be given to the Engineer at least 3 weeks prior to commencing production blasting or other paint removing activities. Post-construction analytical results from soil and sediment sampling shall be given to the Engineer after final clean up, but before final acceptance of the project.
c. Environmental Regulatory Permits.
The Contracting Authority will obtain and provide an EPA hazardous waste identification number for this project if project specific waste sampling and testing indicate a hazardous waste will be generated. Actual waste analytical results and estimated waste quantity data received from the Preconstruction Sampling and Testing will be used by the Engineer to identify which type of identification number, if any, is required. The Contractor shall obtain all other permits including any required for waste disposal. Article 1107.03 shall apply.d. Site Working Documents.
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer three copies of all site working documents required in this section. Each site working document shall be written specifically for the issues associated with the blast cleaning alternatives selected by the Contractor. Documents are to be submitted for review and comment by the Engineer. The Contractor shall revise any indicated sections of the site working documents to comply with the Engineer's comments and resubmit, if necessary.1) Site Work Plan:
A minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall provide a written site work plan to the Engineer for review and comment. The site work plan shall contain, at a minimum, a complete description of:a) Paint removal methods selected, refer to Article 2508.01, B, 3, e.
b) The equipment and processes to be used including equipment catalog information from the manufacturers for major pieces of equipment.
c) The environmental protection plan including waste sampling procedures and methods used to control emissions into the air, water, and onto the soil.
d) Waste handling, storage, and disposal plan.
e) Preconstruction soil and river sediment sampling plan, refer to Article 2508.01, B, 3, b.
f) Site Air Monitoring Plan:
Site Air Monitoring Plan shall describe the air sampling protocol and analytical procedures, sampling locations, frequency of sampling, and equipment, refer to Article 2508.01, B, 4, c. When locating air monitoring equipment, Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 50 (40 CFR, 50) shall be used as guidance. Minimum frequency for sampling and monitoring shall be in accordance with Federal and State requirements, and this specification.2) Site Health and Safety Plan:
A minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall provide a written Health and Safety Plan (H&SP) to the Engineer for review and comment. This plan shall detail the Contractor's compliance program with regulatory requirements including but not limited to OSHA 29 CFR, 1910 and 1926; Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) and CERCLA 40 CFR, 261 through 300; TSCA 40 CFR, 700 - end; and Transportation 49 CFR, 100 through 199. Attention shall be given to 29 CFR, Section 1926.62, Lead in Construction Standard. In addition, the H&SP shall specifically identify:a) The Project Site Safety Officer who shall be on site at all times when work is in progress and shall have the Contractor's authority to effect an immediate operational change or shut down production until a specification, regulatory, or safety deficiency is corrected.
The Project Site Safety Officer shall have continuous site responsibility for assuring that worker health, safety, and U.S. EPA regulatory requirements are being met. This includes the duties of the "competent person" as required by 29 CFR, Section 1926.62.
b) The compliance program as required by 29 CFR, Section 1926.62 which includes the following at a minimum: A description of each activity in which lead and/or chromium is emitted including the equipment and processes involved; standard operating procedures for activities involving hazardous constituents; maintenance schedules of equipment utilized for filtration of potentially hazardous constituents; crew size and responsibilities; description of engineering controls and processes used to control lead and/or chromium exposure; a report of the technology considered in meeting the Personal Exposure Limit (PEL); air monitoring protocol which will be used to document personnel exposure; schedule for implementing the program; work practice program including the personal protective equipment; house keeping, and hygiene practices; an administrative control (job rotation) schedule if used; and a description of H&SP compliance arrangements made between the Contractor and their subcontractors.
c) Hazardous substances, that are expected to be encountered, PELs for these substances, and site personnel medical monitoring expected.
d) The levels of personnel training, protection, and protective equipment required for different tasks performed at the site.
e) Site control and restricted access policy to ensure unauthorized and/or untrained personnel are not exposed to unnecessary risks.
A Certified Industrial Hygienist trained in worker environmental health and safety issues shall sign the H&SP.
3) Site Contingency Plan.
A minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall provide, for the Engineer's review and comment, a written Site Contingency Plan (SCP). This plan shall detail the procedures that will be implemented, and corrective action that will be taken, should an emergency or unforeseen situation arise. It shall specify procedures to minimize hazards to human health and the environment should there be fires, explosions, vandalism, or any other unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of hazardous waste or hazardous constituents to the air, soil, or surface water. The Contractor's responsibility shall be to follow all current Federal and State regulations in preparing this plan and to have it on file in the locations specified by regulation.The plan shall also detail contingency measures that will be available on site to prevent accidental releases and provide safety to the general public. For example: Security, preventative, and containment measures which will be used to prevent and/or contain:
a) Spillage or loss of paint wastes.
b) Spillage of bulk paint, solvents, and thinners during the painting operations.
c) Spillage or leakage of equipment fuel, oil, or other fluids.
d) River traffic from encountering floating booms or barge mounted equipment.
e) Inadvertent public exposure to job site hazards.
f) Waste material, or spills on water, from migrating off site and to contain that material until it is cleaned up.
e. Paint Removal.
The Contractor shall submit, in writing to the Engineer the type of blasting equipment that will be utilized for the paint removal operations before starting work. The Contractor's responsibility shall be to achieve the level of surface preparation specified. In no case will unproven and/or untested technology be allowed without prior review, testing, and written approval from the Engineer.The blasting process and equipment is required to be part of the Site Work Plan, and the plan shall describe in detail the:
1) method of blasting
2) work procedures and tasks for this removal method
3) the estimated production rate, i.e., square foot (square meter) per hour
4) estimated quantity of blasting abrasive utilized per production rate (hour or square foot (square meter))
5) procedure and protocols for abrasive recycling
The Contractor shall contain and collect all waste material generated during blast cleaning; contain any fugitive emissions (solid particulate, fugitive dust); protect the health and welfare of the public; protect the environment; and employ adequate administrative and engineering controls to reduce worker exposures to all hazardous constituents present at the site to levels as low as feasible according to industry standards, refer to Article 2508.01, B, 4, b for additional details.
f. Standards For Surface Preparation.
Article 2508.01, A, 3, b, shall apply.4. Containment.
a. General.
This work includes the design, erection, maintenance, and removal of the enclosure or containment used to contain wastes generated during the surface preparation. The work also includes characterizing, collecting, and containing wastes generated during the project.Any enclosure complying with, or comparable to, an SSPC Class 3 or better shall be designed and sealed by a Professional Engineer licensed in the State of Iowa who is qualified in structures. Ventilation in a Class 2 or better containment shall be designed and sealed by a Professional Engineer licensed in the State of Iowa who is qualified in ventilation.
Work required to decontaminate, clean, and test equipment and non-expendable materials or supplies shall be included in this section. At a minimum, decontamination and cleaning shall ensure that debris and/or dust is not dislodged by winds or physical contact during handling and movement of a containment structure. Further, there shall be a procedure established to ensure all equipment and materials are essentially free from hazardous substances when delivered to and removed from the project site.
b. Enclosure.
The Contractor shall perform all paint removal activities, except for vacuum blasting, within a full enclosure.A full enclosure shall be designed as a system including the frame work and outer covering, attachments to the structure and supporting foundations, waste handling, and ventilation if required. The enclosure submittal shall include a method or process to catch, accumulate, and ultimately contain all spent abrasive and all paint waste. Enclosure details shall include a description and catalogue cuts of containment materials and equipment used; material strengths, permeability, and necessary seam closure details; drawings of attachments to the bridge including abutments, piers, deck, parapet rails, and beams; and calculations of superimposed dead and wind loadings.
Three copies of this design shall be submitted to the Engineer for review and approval at least 3 weeks prior to erecting the enclosure. The enclosure shall be:
1) Designed to transfer added wind and static loading safely to the bridge. The Contractor shall analyze the structure for gravity and wind loadings from the containment. A copy of this analysis and all supporting calculations shall be provided in the submittal. If the Engineer determines that the proposed enclosure could have detrimental effects on the structural integrity of the bridge, the Contractor shall modify the design of the enclosure at no additional cost to the Contracting Authority. A copy of the existing bridge plan is available from the Contracting Authority.
2) Designed and constructed to maintain negative pressures inside the enclosure during production blasting and to include an air filtering and dust collection system for all exhausted air, unless site specific data collected during actual blasting operations conclusively show a tight containment with negative air is not required.
3) Designed to employ adequate engineering controls, including ventilation, to reduce airborne contamination to levels as low as feasible.
4) Equal to, or comparable with, SSPC Class 2 or better for Conventional Open Abrasive Blasting.
Contamination of the ground, water, or river sediment from project activities is strictly prohibited. Project activities that must be carefully monitored and controlled to avoid environmental contamination include, but are not limited to, the containment; dust collector; abrasive reclaimer; waste accumulation points (storage areas); satellite accumulation points; refueling locations; boat or barge access points; and paint handling, transfer, and mixing operations. Uncontrolled dumping of wastes is strictly prohibited, and the Contractor shall immediately clean up spills at no additional cost to the Contracting Authority.
c. Air Emissions and Monitoring.
The Contractor shall monitor air quality by using high-volume air monitoring equipment. Sampling protocol shall be in accordance with the provisions of 40 CFR, Part 50 and its appendices. At a minimum, monitoring for total lead and total suspended particulate (TSP); and particulate matter 0.4 mils (10 µm) and smaller (PM10) shall be performed with properly calibrated high-volume air sampling equipment, at locations of maximum potential impact to the public plus at areas to provide background ambient samples. Anticipated monitoring locations and monitoring protocol shall be identified in the Site Air Monitoring Plan. An American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) accredited laboratory shall analyze all air samples collected.All containment and process air exhausted from air handling equipment and/or the abrasive recycling process shall be filtered to remove particulates and regulated constituents to a level below current air quality standards. Filtered material shall be captured and contained utilizing a system designed for this purpose. The Contractor shall establish regulated areas around the dust collector, abrasive reclaimer, containment, and other operations that potentially generate lead and/or chromium emissions. The perimeter of the areas shall be properly identified, posted, and established at the OSHA Action Level of 30 µg/m3. Access within these areas shall be limited to only those personnel who are properly trained and monitored in accordance with the site Health and Safety Plan.
1) Site Air Monitoring Plan.
The plan shall include nomenclature of sampling equipment, sampling procedure and protocol, sampling frequency, locating criteria, and laboratory analysis of air samples to ensure compliance with 29 CFR, 1926; 40 CFR, 50; 40 CFR, 60; and 567 Iowa Administrative Code, Chapters 22 and 23.The Contractor shall submit analytical results to the Engineer within 1 week of being received from the testing laboratory. An electronically generated version containing, at a minimum, the information on the standard laboratory reporting form will be an acceptable substitute.
2) Containment Efficiency.
The Engineer will not routinely use opacity testing to evaluate a containment's efficiency, but will generally use a "no visible dust or blast media shall be observed escaping into the atmosphere or onto the ground from the contained area during blasting, cleaning, or blow down" criteria. The Engineer may conduct random opacity tests or use high volume or personal cassette samplers for verification monitoring. This monitoring, positioning of equipment, and times are at the discretion of the Engineer. However, verification monitoring will be outside of the Contractor's regulated areas and involve the Engineer's sampling equipment. The Engineer's sampling equipment will not be made available for use by the Contractor.The Contractor shall not violate the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for lead or PM10 or visible dust. If it is violated, an issuance of a Suspension of Work notice will be used until appropriate, corrective action is taken. Shut downs for noncompliance with any environmental regulation or standard will not be cause for extensions in time, or considered for delay costs.
d. Paint Waste.
Paint wastes include all wastes generated by the project. These wastes include, but are not limited to, blast waste, material accumulated from filtering exhausted air, spent abrasive, containment material that cannot be decontaminated for reuse, material containers such as paint and solvent containers, and other wastes that fail the TCLP test as modified below are categorized as a RCRA hazardous waste.The Contractor shall consider all paint wastes as hazardous until after appropriate analytical data or Materials Safety Data Sheets are available showing conclusive evidence that the waste is below any regulated level for hazardous constituents or is not initially regulated. Any waste regulatory value listed in the CFRs shall be further reduced by a factor of 20%. For example: 40 CFR, 261.24, identifies lead (D008) as a characteristic hazardous waste if the toxic characteristic is equal to, or greater than, 5.0 mg/L. Wastes containing lead that have leachable levels greater than 4.0 mg/L shall be considered hazardous and disposed of in a Subtitle C landfill.
During generation, all paint wastes shall be accumulated and segregated by individual waste stream and placed in properly labeled storage containers. These containers shall comply with Federal DOT 49 CFR requirements. The Contractor shall follow the handling and storage requirements of 40 CFR, 262 and 40 CFR, 265. Commingling of waste streams will be permitted after each has been sampled, tested, and characterized provided commingling is acceptable to the disposal facility.
As required by the Site Contingency Plan, the Contractor shall have a designated, responsible, and trained person available for emergency response around the clock any time wastes are stored on the project. It is recommended the Site Health and Safety Officer be so designated. During non-working hours and work shutdowns this person shall be available at the site within a reasonable response time whenever wastes are being stored. This person and an alternate's name, telephone numbers, and other required information shall be posted on the accumulation point's fence and listed in the Site Contingency Plan.
1) Accumulation Point.
The Contractor shall erect and maintain an accumulation point, or storage area, sized to accommodate the accumulation of wastes awaiting shipment to a disposal facility. The accumulation point shall be enclosed by an 8 foot (2.4 m) high chain link security fence with barbed wire top, lockable access gates, bermed sides, and properly posted warning signs. The location of this accumulation point shall be agreed upon by the Engineer and constructed within the existing right-of-way at the project, but out of areas prone to flooding.The Contractor shall make a detailed written request to modify this storage security requirement for projects that will generate minimal quantities of waste. All requests to modify the security requirement shall be submitted to the Engineer a minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing production blasting. The Engineer will evaluate the proposal based on the Contractor's estimated waste quantities, the proposal's intent to comply with storage regulations and these specifications, expected waste classification (i.e., hazardous or non-hazardous), and other site specific considerations and details which the Contractor shall provide. The Engineer will respond to the Contractor within two weeks following the request.
2) Satellite Accumulation Point.
Allowance will be considered by the Engineer to accommodate a small satellite accumulation point, or points, in the work zone, if requested in writing by the Contractor. Containers stored in any satellite area shall be properly labeled and shall be tightly closed to the elements and secured to prevent accidental spillage or loss. At the conclusion of any working day, all containers containing accumulated wastes shall be removed from any satellite accumulation point and placed in the accumulation point storage area.Equipment, which incorporates temporary storage of accumulation of wastes during operation, shall be considered a satellite accumulation point and as such, the equipment shall be subject to proper labeling requirements. Waste materials contained within this type of equipment will not be subject to the requirement for daily transfer to the accumulation point storage area.
All materials stored at the accumulation point and satellite accumulation points shall be secured to prevent spillage or vandalism and securely covered to protect from the elements. It shall be the Site Health and Safety Officer's responsibility to maintain a permanent record to account for the accumulation of all waste materials and to report the cumulative weekly volumes at the project's progress meetings. The log shall record weekly the volume of materials located in the accumulation points including the condition of the storage containers.
The Contractor shall removed accumulation point and satellite accumulation points, if used, when so directed by the Engineer, or at the end of the project. Article 2508.01, B, 6, shall apply.
e. Decontamination Plan.
The Contractor shall provide the Engineer a written Decontamination Plan a minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing work. The plan shall outline procedures the Contractor shall follow to ensure non-expendable materials and equipment have been properly decontaminated prior to arriving on the project and before being demobilized from the site. The Contractor shall, prior to in-bound mobilization, provide the Engineer a written statement which includes the following:1) Identifying project, location, owner reference and contact information and type of wastes generated, hazardous or non-hazardous, at the previous project.
2) Certifying all equipment and non-expendable materials have been decontaminated and are clean. This certification shall include analytical data verifying items have been decontaminated and are clean.
Equipment and/or non-expendable material which is mobilized to the site without being included in the certification, or arrives at the site in an unacceptable condition shall not be off-loaded or allowed to be within the right-of-way until it has been decontaminated, adequately sampled and tested, and accepted as clean by the Engineer.
Evaluation of equipment and non-expendable material clean-up used on projects that generated hazardous wastes should include sampling, swipe or destructive, and TCLP testing as an integral part of this plan. It is recommended to follow OSHA's Field Operation's Manual, CPL 2.0 - 2.58 and HUD's Clearance Criteria for Post Abatement Clean-up when developing sampling procedures and protocol for a decontamination plan.
Evaluation of equipment and non-expendable material cleanup used on projects that generated no hazardous wastes shall at a minimum be judged as visually clean. No special testing will be required, however, items that cannot be visually evaluated shall be sampled and tested or be disposed of.
If a particular waste stream can be identified as the sole source of hazardous materials, in an otherwise non-hazardous project, the Engineer has the discretion to separate out that process for a higher level of evaluation, for example sampling and testing, and minimize visual evaluation on the other non-hazardous processes.
5. Paint Waste Transport and Disposal.
a. Waste Sampling and Testing.
It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to adequately sample each waste stream during the project to ensure project goals are being maintained and that a disposal facility's need for waste characterization is being met.All samples shall be properly obtained, prepared for shipment, and offering for transport using Chain-of-Custody procedures and protocol. All samples shall be analyzed by an accredited laboratory or a laboratory that participates in EPA's Contract Laboratory program. Refer to Article 2508.01, B, 3, b, for additional information.
The Contractor shall provide all laboratory results to the Engineer as soon as they are received. Adequate numbers of samples shall be obtained and analyzed to ensure any waste stream generated during this contract is fully characterized.
Solid wastes shall be sampled and analyzed using TCLP test for the 8 priority metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver). Any additional analytical methods required by the disposal facility.
b. Disposal.
A minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing production blasting, the Contractor shall provide the Engineer a written request to approve a designated disposal facility. The Contractor shall determine which of the following options or combinations are applicable to the job and selected removal process, or processes:1) Permitted, Subtitle C, Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility (TSDF) for any hazardous waste generated at the site.
2) Permitted, geosynthetic lined, Subtitle D landfill for non-hazardous waste generated at the site.
3) Treatment and disposal facility for waste water generated from personal decontamination wash water.
This request shall include a letter of tentative commitment from the facility to accept, and dispose of the project's waste or selected waste streams. Disposal of hazardous waste shall be only in a permitted TSDF that has obtained and currently holds an EPA, TSDF identification number. The Engineer will evaluate any facility submitted by conducting an environmental audit, records review, and reference check of that facility.
After receiving the Engineer's approval of the facility (or facilities), the Contractor shall begin the formal process of obtaining final disposal permits which may be required by that facility. The Contractor shall provide copies to the Engineer of all final documents pertaining to the disposal permit. Before accumulating waste (hazardous or non-hazardous) in the amount of 1,000 pounds (450 kg) or within 1 month of beginning paint removal operations, the Contractor shall have a signed contract with the approved TSDF or other facility for wastes produced at the site.
All shipping containers for regulated raw materials or consumable supplies received at the project shall be cleaned to "RCRA empty" and properly recycled or disposed of at the appropriate disposal facility.
The Engineer on a case-by-case basis will consider proposals for beneficial reuse, reclamation, or recycling of waste products generated during the course of the project. A minimum of 3 weeks prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall provide a written Value Engineering Incentive Proposal, in accordance with Article 1105.15, identifying a waste recycling program to the Engineer for consideration. The submittal shall provide the Engineer ample detail to thoroughly and completely review and research the proposal.
c. Transportation and Manifesting.
It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to ensure that no waste leaves the site without a properly prepared waste manifest. All hazardous waste shipments shall be manifested using a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest, obtainable from EPA or the approved disposal facility. All shipments of non-hazardous waste shall also be manifested using a manifest proposed by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer.The Site Health and Safety Officer shall sign the manifest prior to shipment. Signatures will be on behalf of the Contracting Authority in accordance with 40 CFR, 262. At the conclusion of each shipment, the Site Health and Safety Officer shall deliver to the Engineer and appropriate agencies, copies of the required pages from the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifests in accordance with the instructions included on the manifest.
When material is being transported or readied for transport, the Contractor shall be responsible for properly labeling and marking all waste containers in accordance with Federal regulations (40 CFR, 262 and 49 CFR, 172). All wastes shall be shipped with a permitted transporter holding a current EPA transporters identification number. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to provide the required emergency response telephone number for the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest and for providing that information to the Engineer.
The Contractor shall maintain a file of all waste shipped for disposal or recycling. The Site Health and Safety Officer shall immediately notify the Engineer if a waste shipment (hazardous or non-hazardous) does not reach the designated facility. Further, the Site Health and Safety Officer shall coordinate with the Engineer to assure that the signed original of each Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest is received from the designated facility by the Engineer within 35 calendar days of the date the waste was accepted by the initial transporter. For shipments of hazardous waste, if the signed TSDF copy is not received in 10 additional calendar days (45 calendar days total) the Site Health and Safety Officer shall immediately:
1) Prepare and submit an Exception Report to the EPA Region VII Administrator, 901 North 5th Street, Kansas City, KS 66101-2728. A copy of this report shall be provided to the Engineer.
2) Initiate actions to track and locate that shipment. (Applicable for both hazardous and non-hazardous waste shipments.)
The Contractor shall provide the Engineer a photocopy of the signed Generator Copy page from the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest on the day of waste shipment and the fully signed Return to Generator page from the Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest on the day it is received from the disposal facility.
6. Protection and Clean-up.
For all work, the Contractor shall use every reasonable means to protect the environment, human health and safety, adjacent property, and vehicles from damage because of the Contractor's operations, in accordance with Article 1107.07. The Contractor shall be responsible to keep the project site in a neat, clean, and safe working condition. At the end of each working day the Contractor shall cleanup and properly containerize all waste material. Special attention is drawn to steel abrasive and its preponderancy to rust and stain surfaces where material is allowed to accumulate. The Contractor shall be responsible to keep spent abrasive cleaned up on a daily basis and shall remove any staining which occurs.a. Site Environmental Evaluation.
The Contractor shall not contaminate the soil or bodies of water with lead or other hazardous materials.It shall be concluded that the soil or river sediments have been contaminated with lead or chromium from the project if either of the following occurs:
1) If the geometric mean pre-project level is less than or equal to 200 ppm (totals), and an increase in the post-geometric mean total content of 100 ppm or more occurs.
2) If the geometric mean pre-project level is greater than 200 ppm, and the post-geometric mean concentration exceeds the pre-job geometric mean plus two standard deviations, or increases in the post-geometric mean level of 100 ppm occurs, whichever is greater.
The Contractor shall return the soil or river sediments to back-ground levels by methods acceptable to the Engineer and all applicable regulatory authorities at no additional cost to the Contracting Authority.
b. Final Clean-up.
Final cleanup of all work on this project shall be in accordance with Article 1104.08 and procedures established in Article 2508.01, B, 4.No separate payment will be made for furnishing protection and cleanup. The costs for protection and cleanup shall be included in the contract unit prices bid for the various items of work in the contract.
7. Project Submittals and Written Plans.
The Contractor and Engineer shall adhere to the following requirements to ensure appropriate project paper work is submitted in a timely manor. No work will be allowed or progressive payments made unless these items have been submitted, reviewed, corrected, and approved as necessary.a. Three weeks prior to commencing work.
Site Soil and River Sediment Sampling Program, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 3, b.Site Work Plan, as described in rticle 2508.01, B, 3, d.
- Environmental Protection Plan
- Waste Handling, Storage, and Disposal Plan
- Site Air Monitoring Plan
Site Health and Safety Plan.
Site Contingency Plan.
Decontamination Plan, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 4, e.
Written proposal for Beneficial Waste Reuse, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 5,b.
b. Prior to in-bound mobilization.
Certification of Equipment Decontamination, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 4, e.c. Three weeks prior to erecting containment.
Containment Design, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 4, b.d. Three weeks prior to commencing production blasting.
Analytical results from soil and river sediment sampling, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 4, b.Request to Modify Accumulation Point Security, if applicable, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 4, d.
Written request for Disposal Facility Approval, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 5, b.
e. Twelve calendar days following 1st day of production blasting.
Furnish analytical data from project sampling paint waste, as described in Article 2508.01, B, 3, b.Furnish estimated waste production quantities.
f. Prior to painting.
Written paint mixing procedure, as described in Article 2508.02, E, 4.Manufacturer's Recommendations, as described in Article 2508.02, B, 2.
Written designation of the paint manufacturer's technical representative, as described in Article 2508.02, E, 7.
2508.02 PAINTING OF STRUCTURAL STEEL.
A. General.
This work consists of fully repainting, zone painting, and/or spot painting structural steel at designated locations; and using a paint system designated elsewhere in the contract documents. The work includes furnishing the coating system specified, application, protection, and curing of paint coatings; protection of all parts of the structure from paint spatter; environmental protection; final cleanup; and supplying all equipment, scaffolding and rigging, labor, and materials.B. Material Acceptance.
1. All paints shall:
a. Be equal to or less than 3.2 pounds per gallon (5.5 kg/L) for volatile organic compounds (VOC). Calculation of VOC content shall account for any thinning necessary for field application.
b. Contain pigments which are free from or have constituents at levels below a threshold that when disposed of would be regulated by the Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 261.
2. The coating manufacturer shall furnish three copies of a certification document for each shipment intended for use on this project. The document shall include the following information:
a. date of shipment to the project,
b. name of painting Contractor or company to which the shipment was made,
c. brand names and product identification numbers,
d. coatings, thinners, and tints supplied shall be accompanied with the most current Technical Data sheets and Material Safety Data sheets,
e. batch or lot numbers, and
f. batch or lot numbers and producer mill certificate for any zinc pigment, certifying compliance to at least the purity requirements of ASTM D 520 Type II.
3. The Contractor shall furnish three copies of the latest Technical Data Sheets, MSD sheets, and coating manufacturer's written approval for caulking material to be used on this project.
The Contractor shall submit two copies of the certification document to the Engineer prior to starting work and one copy shall be available on-site from the Contractor.
C. Paint System.
The paint system, Epoxy, Moisture Cured Urethane, or Zinc Silicate, for this project is designated elsewhere in the contract documents. The different systems are as follows:1. Primer Coat.
The prime coat shall be a Zinc-rich Epoxy, or Zinc-rich Aromatic Moisture Cured Urethane, or Zinc-rich Silicate applied at a rate that results in a targeted dry film thickness (dft) of:a. 3 to 5 mils (75 to 125 µm) for Epoxy.
b. 3 to 4 mils (75 to 100 µm) for Moisture Cured Urethane.
c. 3 to 5 mils (75 to 125 µm) for Zinc Silicate.
There is no color specified for the primer.
Dry film thickness listed assumes a surface profile of 1.5 to 2.5 mils (25 µm to 65 µm). If this is not the case, either because of previous blast cleaning operations or improper quality control on this job; additional dft of primer may be required. In those cases, the paint manufacturer shall be contacted to provide a written alternate primer and possible application modifications. The written alternative shall be provided to the Engineer for review and approval prior to applying dft above these given. In no case shall surface peaks project above the primer coverage.
If required, the use of penetrating sealer will be designated elsewhere in the contract documents. A penetrating sealer may be required in areas where there are cracks and seams, and/or in feathered (transition) areas, and/or areas with surfaces prepared by mechanical methods. The sealer shall be applied at a rate that results in a targeted dft as recommended by the paint manufacturer.
2. Intermediate Coat.
An intermediate coat shall consist of an Aluminum Epoxy Mastic or Aromatic Moisture Cured Urethane applied at a rate that results in a targeted dft of:a. 5 to 7 mils (125 to 175 µm) for Aluminum Epoxy Mastic.
b. 3 to 4 mils (75 to 100 µm) for Moisture Cured Urethane, pigmented with micaceous iron oxide.
c. No intermediate coat is required for a zinc-rich silicate system.
The intermediate coat shall be tinted to a different color than the primer and finish coats.
3. Finish Coat.
The finish coat shall consist of an Aliphatic Polyurethane, or Aliphatic Moisture Cured Urethane, or Waterborne Acrylic applied at a rate that results in a targeted dft of:a. 3 to 5 mils (75 to 125 µm) of Aliphatic Polyurethane for the Epoxy system.
b. 2 to 3 mils (50 to 75 µm) of Aliphatic Moisture Cured Urethane.
c. 2 to 3 mils (50 to 75 µm) of Waterborne Acrylic for the Zinc Silicate system.
The top coat shall be Federal Color Number 14223 for highway bridges or as specified in the contract documents.
D. Acceptable Products.
Refer elsewhere in the contract documents for the system specified for this project. Acceptable suppliers and products for each system are listed in the Materials I.M.s 482.02 thru 482.06. All material for the paint system specified including thinners, tinting, etc., shall be from one of the coating manufacturers.When specified in the contract documents, penetrating sealer shall be designated by the paint manufacturer for the system specified. Penetrating sealer shall be tinted to a different color than that of the primer.
1. Epoxy System.
The paint system shall be a three coat epoxy system which consists of a Zinc-rich Epoxy primer, a High-solids Aluminum Epoxy Mastic intermediate coat, and an Aliphatic Polyurethane top coat.2. Moisture Cured Urethane.
The paint system shall be a three coat moisture cured urethane system which consists of a Zinc-rich Aromatic Moisture Cured Urethane primer, a Moisture Cured Urethane - pigmented with micaceous iron oxide intermediate coat, and an Aliphatic Moisture Cured Urethane top coat.3. Zinc Silicate.
The paint system shall be a single coat Zinc Silicate primer with a Waterborne Acrylic top coat system.E. Application.
1. General.
Paint may be applied using brush, roller, or spray methods and shall be applied in strict accordance with the coating manufacturer's latest written recommendations. Regardless of the method of application, the specified minimum dft shall be achieved and the manufacturer's recommended maximum dft requirement for each coat shall not be exceeded without approval of the paint manufacturer's technical representative. Further:a. All product parameters such as application, thinning, mixing, pot life, ventilation, curing, etc. shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
b. The prime, intermediate, and finish coats shall have a smooth, uniform appearance free from runs, sags, cracks, dry spray, over-spray, or other defects.
c. Concrete and galvanized products shall be adequately shielded so that application of paint on steel is full and complete without over-spray.
d. Upon completion the words: "painted" followed by the Contractor's name, the month, year, coating system, and manufacturer of the coating system applied shall be permanently stenciled on an inconspicuous surface in a manner and location approved by the Engineer.
e. The Engineer shall be afforded OSHA compliant access to check the surface preparation before painting and the dft after each coat is applied.
2. Painting.
a. Penetrating Sealer.
Penetrating sealer shall be applied to areas designated in the contract documents. Penetrating sealer shall be allowed to cure according to the coating manufacturer's recommendations before the prime coat is applied.b. Prime coat.
All blasted and/or mechanically cleaned areas shall receive a prime coat. This coat shall be applied to areas of bare metal within 24 hours of being blast cleaned. If the prepared surface shows any sign of flash rust, or if the prime coat is not applied within 24 hours after blast cleaning, the entire prepared area shall be brush blasted before paint is applied. Areas prepared by mechanical methods, which show flash rust, shall be re-prepared by methods acceptable to the Engineer.Special attention shall be paid to all rivets, bolts, edges of connections, areas of pack rust, and areas which may be difficult to access. These areas may require ringing/stripping.
The prime coat shall be allowed to cure according to the coating manufacturer's recommendations before the intermediate coat is applied.
c. Intermediate coat.
The intermediate coat shall be applied to all areas that received a prime coat and shall be allowed to cure according to the coating manufacturer's recommendations before the finish coat is applied.The Zinc Silicate system does not require an intermediate coat.
d. Finish Coat.
The finish coat shall fully cover the intermediate coat. The finish coat shall also fully cover other surfaces if so designated in the contract documents.3. Recoating.
a. Surface Condition.
Prior to painting, all surfaces shall be free of all dirt, oxidation products, oil, and other detrimental material. Any cleaning which may be necessary shall be done in a manner that is recommended by the coating manufacturer. All painted surfaces shall be protected to prevent soiling or detrimental weather conditions during painting and through the tack-free stage.b. Minimum Time.
No additional coat(s) of paint may be applied until the preceding coat has dried. Recoating shall be in accordance with the coating manufacturer's recommendations for time, temperature (ambient and/or surface), and weather conditions. If minimum recoat times are not given by the coating manufacturer, the previous coating shall have been applied for at least 24 hours, and be tack-free, prior to application of another coat.c. Maximum Time.
The coating manufacturer's maximum time between coats shall not be exceeded. If the maximum recoat time is exceeded for any coat, the coating manufacturer's technical representative shall provide a written correction procedure, or approval to proceed without correction, to the Engineer.4. Mixing.
Mixing of paint shall be in accordance the coating manufacturer's recommendations. Previously opened, or partially used containers of paint shall not be used and partial kit mixing will not be allowed.The Contractor and coating manufacturer shall provide a specific mixing procedure for review by the Engineer prior to performing the work. This procedure shall be followed, unless a written request to modify is approved by the Engineer.
5. Dry Film Thickness.
The Engineer will determine dft of each coat and the total paint system using procedures described in SSPC-PA 2. The Contractor shall be alerted that excessive coating thickness is as equally undesirable as unacceptably thin coating thickness, and both will be sufficient cause for rejection.Targeted dft is specified herein. Areas having less than specified dft shall, at a minimum, be touched-up to increase dft to at least that specified in this Article, for the system specified. Depending on the condition of the steel substrate and paint system being used, it can be possible these areas will have to be reblasted and repainted.
Excessive thickness will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis in consultation with the coating manufacturer. Depending on the condition of the steel substrate and paint system being used, it can be possible these areas will have to be reblasted and repainted.
6. Cracks and Seams.
Cracks and seams that are formed by junctions of joining members, splices, gusset plates, rivets, bolts, nuts, and similar surface irregularities shall be cleaned using a best effort combination of blasting and possible hand or power tool cleaning. All cracks and seams that are equal to, or greater than, 3/16 inch (10 mm) wide shall be caulked (after application of any penetrating sealer, and prior to application of the prime coat) with a durable caulking compound recommended by the paint manufacturer.Cracks and seams less than 3/16 inch (10 mm) wide shall be sealed with the prime coat. Those that can not, shall be caulked before the intermediate coat is applied. In the case of Zinc Silicate, this will be before the top coat is applied.
Caulking compound shall be lead free, supplied with the latest technical data and MSD sheets, approved by the paint manufacturer and Engineer prior to incorporation into the project.
7. Technical Assistance.
The coating manufacturer whose products are used on this contract shall designate a qualified technical representative to support this project. The technical representative is expected to be available for on-site assistance and project coating consultation as may be required. Difficulties in scheduling on-site technical assistance will not be considered a sufficient reason for approving time extensions to the contract period. In all cases, application parameters shall be in accordance with the product's Technical Data Sheet or the manufacturer's written recommendations unless superseded elsewhere in this specification or in the contract documents.F. Application Conditions.
The manufacturer's published weather restrictions for each coating shall apply except as modified below.When painting, weather conditions shall be such that the surfaces to be painted are entirely free from moisture, frost, ice, and/or snow. When painting in an are aprotected from the above conditions, the surface shall remain under cover until the paint is dry. Wet paint exposed to humidity, rain, snow, or condensation shall be permitted to dry; and damaged paint shall be removed, the surface recleaned, and repainted.
In addition, Moisture Cured Urethane coating may only be applied when the:
a. surface temperatures are between 38°F (4°C) and rising and 100°F (37°C).
b. relative humidity is less than or equal to 95%.
Bubbling or pinholing which may occur in Moisture Cured Urethane will be evaluated using SSPC-VIS2. Bubbling or pinholing shall be less than 0.1% as defined by SSPC-VIS2, Photographic Standard No. 8.
2508.03 Coast Guard Requirements.
The following shall apply for contracts that require work in and over navigable waters.
The Contractor's attention is directed to the various requirements established by the Corps of Engineers, the U. S. Coast Guard, and others relative to construction work in and over navigable waters and which are applicable to this project and not covered by existing permits. Such matters include, but are not necessarily limited to, bridge washing, paint removal, cleaning structural steel by blasting, containment enclosures, painting structural steel, safeguards and temporary falsework or platforms, anchorage of barges and construction equipment, temporary restriction of channel width, lighting during construction, and the removal of all temporary construction. All Contractor operations within or over the river shall conform to the requirements or directions of the U.S. Coast Guard District Engineer.
A. The following precautionary measures should be taken during the performance of this work:
1. All work shall be performed so that the free flow of navigation is not interfered with and the navigable depths are not impaired.
2. Floating equipment working in the channel shall display lights and signals as required by the most current Inland Navigational Rules.
3. If scaffolding or nets are suspended below low steel in the navigation span, the Coast Guard Office in St. Louis, Missouri, shall be advised so that the temporary reductions in clearance for river traffic can be checked and appropriate notices can be published. The Contractor shall remove such scaffolding or nets at night, if required by the Coast Guard.
4. Positive precautions shall be taken to prevent the accidental dropping of spark producing, flame producing, lighted, or other damaging objects onto barges or vessels passing beneath the bridge. All flame cutting, welding, and similar spark-producing operations shall be ceased over the channel when vessels are passing beneath the bridge.
5. The work shall not be allowed to interfere with displaying navigation lights on the bridge at night.
6. During the progress of the work should the Contractor lose; throw from the bridge; sink or misplace any material, machinery, plant, or appliance which, in the opinion of the Engineer, may be dangerous or obstructive to navigation, the Contractor shall immediately recover and remove the same with dispatch. The Contractor shall give immediate notice, with the description and location of obstruction to the Engineer and when required, the Contractor shall mark or buoy such obstructions until the obstruction is removed.
B. The Federal Water Pollution Control act, as amended, prohibits the discharge of oil, including oil based paints, or hazardous substances into the waters of the United States. The law requires any person in charge of a vessel or facility from which oil or a hazardous substance is discharged to immediately report the discharge to the U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center at (800) 424-8802.
C. The owner/operator of a vessel or facility from which the pollutant is discharged is subject to a civil penalty of up to $5000 and is liable for cleanup costs, if any.
D. The Contractor shall inform the U.S. Coast Guard office in St. Louis, Missouri, on the status of this work to enable them to issue cautionary notices to mariners. If the Contractor has a marine radio at the job site, the Contractor shall furnish the Coast Guard the call sign and operating frequency so that the information can be included in their notices.
E. No changes in channel conditions or in river bank conditions from natural causes or by reason of channel improvements or other construction, nor methods of river control by the United States or the state shall be considered as having any bearing or effect on the obligations of the contract nor justification for any claim for additional payments or extensions of time.
F. In the event that the United States Coast Guard or other constituted authorities should, during the progress of work, issue directions or orders affecting the Contractor's operations or order of procedure, the Contractor shall promptly file with the Engineer a copy of such order or restrictions from the Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army; U.S. Coast Guard; and/or other authority having jurisdiction.
2508.04 Method of Measurement and Basis of Payment.
A. Bridge Cleaning for Painting.
The Contractor will be paid the lump sum contract price for Bridge Cleaning for Painting. This payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, and equipment to perform all the work in accordance with contract documents.B. Blast Cleaning of Structural Steel.
The Contractor will be paid the lump sum contract price for Blast Cleaning of Structural Steel. This payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, and equipment to perform all the work in accordance with contract documents.C. Containment.
The Contractor will be paid the lump sum contract price for Containment. This payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, and equipment necessary to install and maintain the containment during blast cleaning operations or paint removal by other methods.For non-hazardous paint removal, payment shall also be full compensation for monitoring, sampling, testing, reporting, temporary enclosures, temporary storage of waste, and disposal of waste.
For hazardous paint removal, payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, and equipment to perform all work necessary for containment enclosures; air monitoring, sampling, and testing; decontamination; handling, sampling and testing, containerizing, and storage of paint waste; to install, maintain, and remove the waste accumulation points.
D. Paint Waste Transport and Disposal.
The Contractor will be paid the lump sum contract price for Paint Waste Transport and Disposal. This payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, and equipment to perform all work necessary for the proper transport of paint waste, the proper disposal of paint waste, analytical testing of paint waste, obtaining all necessary permits and manifests, and preparation of permits and manifests.E. Painting of Structural Steel.
The Contractor will be paid the lump sum contract price for Painting of Structural Steel. This payment shall be full compensation for all materials, labor, equipment, providing material acceptance documents, and providing technical assistance in accordance with contract documents.
Coast Guard Requirements will not be measured or paid for separately, but shall be incidental to the items of work for which they apply.