2122.01DESCRIPTION.
This work shall consist of preparing the area adjacent to a pavement, as necessary, and furnishing and placing shoulder material on the prepared area, in accordance with the contract documents and following provisions. It may include construction of an earth fill and a special backfill layer for new construction or surface preparation for resurfacing or overlay construction.

The type of shoulder material may be specified, or it may be an alternate on the proposal, and only one type will be bid and awarded.

2122.02 MATERIALS.
Materials used in the construction of paved shoulders shall be as follows:

A. Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture.
HMA 1,000,000 ESAL base mixture shall be of materials specified in Section 2303.

B. Portland Cement Concrete Base.
PCC base shall be of materials specified in Section 2201.

C. Special Backfill.
Special backfill shall be of materials specified in Section 4132.

2122.03 EQUIPMENT.
Equipment used shall be of types required or allowed for the type of paved shoulder to be placed, and adapted to shoulder construction in a manner subject to approval of the Engineer.

2122.04 PREPARATION OF SHOULDER AREA.
This work may involve construction of an earth fill and a special backfill to allow placement of paved shoulders. The earth fill shall be spread and compacted in accordance with requirements of Section 2109. Material shall be select treatment materials of Article 2102.06, A, 1, if available and coordinated with the Engineer, or suitable soils of Article 2102.06, A, 2. Material shall not be unsuitable soils of Article 2102.06, A, 3, or topsoil.

For shoulder construction in which PCC is placed over HMA, the surface shall be thoroughly cleaned by brooming prior to concrete placement. When HMA is to be placed over HMA, the surface shall be prepared in accordance with Article 2303.03, D.

2122.05 CONSTRUCTION.
The paved shoulders shall be constructed as follows:

A. Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture.
HMA base shall be proportioned, mixed, placed, and compacted to the width, thickness, grade, and slope shown in the contract documents, in accordance with requirements of Section 2303. Prior to placement, the pavement edge shall be tack coated. After finish rolling, the paved shoulders shall be visually inspected to ensure all roller distortions have been smoothed, longitudinal and transverse joints have been smoothly constructed, and the general grade profile is satisfactory.

B. Portland Cement Concrete Base.
PCC base shall be proportioned, mixed, placed, finished, and cured to the width and thickness shown in the contract documents. Except as modified herein, the work shall be in accordance with requirements of Section 2201.

The shoulder may be placed separately, using either fixed forms or slip forms, after placement of the main line pavement. The tie bars shall be placed according to the contract documents or other method approved by the Engineer which shall be obtained prior to the start of paving operations.

The concrete shall be finished and edged. Construction of surface corrugations shall be subject to approval of the Engineer.

Transverse joints shall be sawed as shown in the contract documents. In addition, expansion and contraction joints shall be placed to coincide with similar joints in the abutting pavement. Transverse sawed joints shall be sealed in accordance with Article 2301.25, and expansion joints shall be filled in the same manner as for the main line pavement.

C. Special Backfill.
Special backfill shall be placed in accordance with Article 2102.04, C.

2122.06 FINISHING.
After completion of the paved shoulder, the granular fillet shall be placed as shown in the contract documents and in accordance with Section 2121. The foreslope shall be finished in accordance with Article 2123.03.

2122.07 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT.

A. Paved Shoulders.

1. Hot Mix Asphalt Paved Shoulder.
The quantity of Hot Mix Asphalt Paved Shoulder, in square yards (square meters), will be the quantity shown in the contract documents.

2. Portland Cement Concrete Paved Shoulder.
The quantity of Portland Cement Concrete Paved Shoulder, in square yards (square meters), will be the quantity shown in the contract documents. Thickness determination will be in accordance with Article 2301.34, A.

B. Special Backfill.
The quantity for payment for special backfill shall be the contract quantity.

C. Resurfacing or Overlay of Existing Paved Shoulders.

1. Hot Mix Asphalt Resurfacing.
Article 2303.05, A, 1 shall apply.

2. Asphalt Binder.
Article 2303.05, B shall apply.

2122.08 BASIS OF PAYMENT.
All work performed and measured as prescribed will be paid for in accordance with the following provisions:

A. Paved Shoulders.

1. Hot Mix Asphalt Paved Shoulder.
Article 2303.06, A, shall apply.

2. Portland Cement Concrete Paved Shoulder.
Article 2301.35, A, shall apply.

Payment for paved shoulders constructed shall be full compensation for preparing the area, including the earth fill, furnishing and placing the paved shoulder, finishing the shoulder edge and foreslope, and for furnishing all the material, equipment, tools, and labor to complete the work in accordance with the contract documents and this specification. Separate payment will not be made for the construction of the earth fill; for the asphalt binder; tack coat bitumen; or for the placement, construction, or sawing and filling of joints for the PCC base; or for the finishing of the shoulder edge and foreslope, and furnishing granular material.

The Contractor shall furnish samples as specified in Section 2303 or 2301, with payment to be made as specified.

B. Special Backfill.
Article 2102.14, D, shall apply.

C. Resurfacing or Overlay of Existing Paved Shoulders.
For the number of tons (megagrams) of HMA of the type, width, and thickness specified, satisfactorily constructed, the Contractor will be paid the contract unit price per ton (megagram) as follows:

1. Hot Mix Asphalt Resurfacing.
Article 2303.06, A shall apply.

2. Asphalt Binder.
Article 2303.06, B shall apply.