2.01 SANITARY SEWERS (Gravity)

A. Solid Wall Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) 8" - 15":

1. Conform to ASTM D 3034, pipe stiffness per ASTM D 2412, minimum thickness solid wall pipe SDR 23.5 (153 psi), 26 (115 psi), 35 (46 psi).

2. PVC plastic meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12454. Do not exceed 10 parts by weight per 100 of PVC resin in the compound for additives and fillers, including but not limited to stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, etc.

3. Integral bell and spigot type rubber gasket joint conforming to ASTM D 3212 and ASTM F 477.

B. Solid Wall Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) 18"-27":

1. Conform to ASTM F 679 (SDR 35 or equivalent) with T-1 minimum wall thickness, minimum pipe stiffness, 46 psi as per ASTM D 2412.

2. PVC plastic meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12454. Do not exceed 10 parts by weight per 100 of PVC resin in the compound for additives and fillers, including but not limited to stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, etc.

3. Integral bell and spigot type rubber gasket joint conforming to ASTM D 3212 and ASTM F 477.

C. Corrugated Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) 8"-36":

1. Conform to ASTM F 949, 46 psi stiffness, smooth interior, corrugated exterior.

2. PVC resin meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12454. Do not exceed 10 parts by weight per 100 of PVC resin in the compound for additives and fillers, including but not limited to stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, etc.

3. Integral bell and spigot rubber gasket joint conforming to ASTM D 3212 and ASTM F 477. Double wide gaskets required (index into two valleys).

D. Closed Profile Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) 21"-36":

1. Conform to ASTM F 1803 (Closed Profile), minimum pipe stiffness 46 psi.

2. PVC plastic meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12364. Do not exceed 10 parts by weight per 100 of PVC resin in the compound for additives and fillers, including but not limited to stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, etc.

3. Integral bell and spigot with elastomeric seals conforming to ASTM D 3212 and ASTM F 477.

E. Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Pipe (PVC Truss) 8"-15":

1. Composite pipe constructed with truss type structure between inner and outer PVC walls with voids filled with lightweight concrete.

2. Conform to ASTM D 2680, minimum pipe stiffness, 200 psi.

3. PVC plastic meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12454. Do not exceed 10 parts by weight per 100 of PVC resin in the compound for additives and fillers, including but not limited to stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, etc.

4. Integral bell and spigot type rubber gasket joint conforming to ASTM D 3212 and F 477.

F. Reinforced Concrete Pipe (RCP) 18"-144":

1. Conform to ASTM C 76.

2. Minimum Class IV, Wall B.

3. Tongue and groove joints.

4. Rubber O-ring flexible joint conforming to ASTM C 443.

5. Coat interior pipe barrel and entire joint surfaces with two-component coal-tar epoxy-polyamide black paint or approved equal.

6. Lining Material: Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC) Specification No. 16, Table 1.

a. Minimum epoxy resin content 34 to 35% by dry film weight.

b. Minimum sag resistance 40 mils.

c. Minimum solids 80% by volume.

7. Cure pipe, sand blast and thoroughly clean surfaces, and remove all loose materials.

8. Apply lining by airless spray to pipe barrel in multiple coats.

a. Prime with thinned coating.

b. Apply top coats.

c. Provide recommended curing time between coats.

d. Dry film thickness: Not less than 25 mils or more than 30 mils.

9. Apply lining by brushing all joint surfaces.

a. Prime with thinned coating.

b. Apply top coat or coats.

c. Provide recommended curing time between coats.

d. Minimum dry film thickness: 8 mils.

10. Cure pipe lining according to the manufacturer's recommendations, 5 days minimum.

G. Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP) 8"-54":

1. Conform to AWWA C 151/ANSI A 21.51.

2. Minimum pressure class: Class 52.

3. Interior linings

a. Provide interior lining for ductile iron pipe and fittings used for all gravity sewers and drop connections.

b. Use linings specifically designed for sanitary sewer applications, which may include calcium aluminate, polyethylene, ceramic epoxy, and coal tar epoxy. Other lining types may be allowed upon approval of the Jurisdictional Engineer.

c. Apply lining to interior of unlined ductile iron pipe and fittings according to published specifications from manufacturer.

d. Seal all cut ends and repair field damaged areas according to manufacturer's recommendations.

4. Exterior coating: Asphaltic.

5. Push on joint: AWWA C111/ANSI A 21.11.

6. Fittings: Mechanical joint AWWA C 110/ANSI A 21.10.

7. Polyethylene encasement:

a. Confirm to AWWA C 105/ANSI A 21.5.

b. Minimum thickness: 8 mils.

c. Use for all ductile iron pipe and fittings in buried service.

H. Vitrified Clay Pipe (VCP) 8" - 42"

1. Use pipe and fittings conforming to ASTM C 700.

2. Use compression joints conforming to ASTM C 425 for plain end pipe or bell and spigot pipe.

3. Test according to ASTM C 301.

2.02 SANITARY SEWER FORCE MAIN

A. Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP) 4" to 54": See Section 4010, 2.01. If joint restraints are specified, see Section 5010, 2.03>.

B. Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC):

1. Conform to AWWA C 900 for pipe sizes 4 o 12 inches; conform to AWWA C 905 for pipe sizes 14 to 30 inches.

2. Minimum DR 18.

3. Integral bell and spigot joint with elastomeric gasket.

C. Sewage Air Release Valve:

1. Consists of an elongated tapered or conical body with outward-slanting walls and a float to operate (open and close) under pressure without spillage. Use a float with a flexible connection to the seal plug assembly to prevent irregular air release and protect the connecting rod. The bottom of the valve shall be sloped or funnel-shaped to encourage the accumulated sewage and solids to drain from the valve. Preserve a volume of air at all times between the liquid sewage and the seal plug assembly.

2. Materials:

a. Body and cover: Stainless steel, fiberglass-reinforced nylon, or other corrosion-resistant materials

b. Internal Linkage, Stem: Stainless Steel

c. Float: Stainless Steel, ASTM A 240, T 304 or foamed polypropylene

d. Seal Plug Assembly: Stainless steel, foamed polypropylene, EPDM rubber, reinforced nylon.

3. Tapping saddle: Stainless steel or nylon.

4. Pit: See Figure 4010.3.

2.03 SANITARY SEWER SERVICE

A. Connection to Main

1. PVC Main:

a. Preformed wye or tee service fitting with gasket joints conforming to ASTM D 3034 or ASTM F 949.

b. Preformed saddle wye or saddle tee for service tap conforming to ASTM D 3034 or ASTM F 949.

c. PVC plastic meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12454.

2. PVC Truss Main:

a. Preformed wye or tee service fitting with gasket joints conforming to ASTM D 3212 or on solvent weld per ASTM D 2680.

b. Preformed saddle wye or saddle tee for service tap conforming to ASTM D 2680.

3. RCP Main: Preformed saddle wye or saddle tee service tap designed for use with RCP.

4. VCP Main:

a. Precast vitrified clay pipe wye or tee service fitting conforming to ASTM C 700 for pipe and C 425 for compression joints.

b. Preformed saddle wye or saddle tee service tap designed for use with VCP.

5. DIP Main:

a. Use DIP wye or tee fittings conforming to AWWA C 110 or C 153.

b. Preformed saddle wye or tee services tap designed for use with DIP. Saw cut the hole for the tap with equipment designed for application.

B. Wye and Tee Pipe Stop: All saddle wye or saddle tee fittings must provide integrally molded pipe stop in branch for positive protection against service pipe insertion beyond inside of sewer main pipe wall.

C. Service Pipe: Products as required by local plumbing code or regulations, if applicable, otherwise use the following:

1. PVC:

a. Conform to ASTM D 3034, minimum thickness SDR 23.5 minimum pipe stiffness of 153 psi as per ASTM D 2412.

b. PVC plastic meeting ASTM D 1784, Cell Classification 12454.

c. Integral bell and spigot type rubber gasket joint conforming to ASTM D 3212.

2. DIP:

a. As specified for sanitary sewer force main.

b. Polyethylene encasement as specified.

D. Connection to Existing Service: See Section 4030, 2.08.

2.04 SANITARY SEWER SERVICE RELOCATIONS

A. Apply all requirements of Section 4010, 2.03 to materials used for sanitary service relocation.

B. For new pipe, use the same size as the existing service being relocated.

C. If existing material does not comply with Section 4010, 2.03, replace with material meeting the requirements of Section 4010, 2.03.

3.01 EXAMINATION

A. Verify measurements at site; make necessary field measurements to accurately determine pipe makeup lengths or closures.

B. Examine site conditions to ensure construction operations do not pose hazards to adjacent structures or facilities.

3.02 LINE AND GRADE

A. Install pipe to line and grade shown on plans. Set field grades to invert of pipes.

B. Notify Jurisdictional Engineer immediately if discrepancies or irregularities are discovered in line or grade shown by grade stakes.

C. Make detailed measurements as required to construct work to line and grade established by line and grade hubs.

D. Laser Beam: Use laser to guide line and grade.

1. Set laser equipment to proper line and grade from line and grade hubs.

2. Check line and grade of laser at 25 feet, 50 feet, 100 feet, and then at 100 foot intervals thereafter for each setup.

3. Check line and grade of each pipe length.

E. Batter Boards: If approved by the Jurisdictional Engineer, use batter boards on short pipe installations of 50 feet or less.

3.03 PIPE INSTALLATION

A. Provide trench excavation, pipe bedding, and backfill as specified in Section 3010.

B. Install watertight plug to prevent water from entering the existing sewer system.

C. Begin at lowest point in line. Lay groove or bell end pointing upstream unless specifically noted otherwise.

D. Prepare trench bottom to design line and grade so that only minor movement of pipe is necessary after installation.

E. Inspect pipe for defects before carefully lowering into trench. Do not install damaged or defective pipe.

F. Clean pipe interior and joints prior to lowering into trench. Keep pipe clean during construction.

G. Do not lay pipe in water or on saturated soil or bedding, or allow water to rise in trench around pipe, unless approved by Jurisdictional Engineer.

H. Lay pipe to design line and grade.

I. Provide uniform bearing for full pipe barrel length.

1. Excavate bell holes as necessary for uniform support of pipe barrel on bedding material.

2. Do not block pipe above bedding unless flowable fill, controlled low strength material, concrete bedding, or concrete encasement is to be used.

J. Assemble joints as specified by pipe manufacturer.

K. Install cap, plug or bulkhead at exposed ends of pipe whenever pipe installation is not in progress.

L. Do not disturb installed pipe and bedding when using movable trench boxes and shields. Block or anchor pipe as necessary to prevent joint displacement.

M. Cut ends of pipe at manholes and structures. Do not hammer cut or break pipe.

N. Install preformed wye or tee service fitting for each platted lot or building as shown on the plans.

O. Provide manholes where indicated on plans and as specified in Section 6020.

P. Correct misalignment, displacement, or otherwise defective pipe by removing, relaying, or replacing pipe at Contractor's expense.

Q. Place watertight cap or plug at end of construction. Use manufactured material per approval of Jurisdictional Engineer or build in place per Figure 4010.2.

3.04 PIPE JOINTING

A. Joint Cleaning: Clean joint surfaces with wire brush to remove soil or foreign material prior to jointing pipe.

B. Assemble joints according to pipe manufacturer's recommendations.

1. Use equipment that does not apply damaging forces to pipe joints.

2. Use bar and block or internal or external jointing devices or other devices as recommended by pipe manufacturers.

C. Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) and Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Pipe (PVC Truss):

1. Coat rubber gasket and joint with lubricant immediately prior to closing joint.

2. Seal ends of PVC truss and closed profile pipe at manholes with the coating recommended by the manufacturer.

D. Reinforced Concrete Pipe (RCP):

Rubber O-ring flexible joint: Coat rubber ring gasket and joint with lubricant immediately prior to closing joint.

E. Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP):

1. Push-on Joint: Coat gasket and joint with lubricant immediately prior to closing joint.

2. Mechanical Joint: Wash plain end, bell socket and gasket with soap solution, press gasket into socket, set gland and tighten bolts uniformly.

F. Connections Between Dissimilar Pipes:

1. Use manufactured adapters or couplings approved by Jurisdictional Engineer.

2. Where adapters or couplings are not available, Jurisdictional Engineer may authorize use of a Type II concrete collar as shown in Figure 4020.1A.

G. Lubricant for Joint Gaskets:

1. Use soap-based only.

2. Do not use petroleum based lubricant.

3.05 SANITARY SEWER SERVICE STUBS (See Figures 4010.1A and 4010.1B):

A. Provide sanitary sewer services as service stubs at locations shown on plans. See Figure 4010.1A.

B. Install wye or tee for each service connection according to Figures 4010.1A and 4010.1B.

1. Connection of Sanitary Service to New Sewer Main, except RCP:

a. Use only factory wye or tees.
b. Install according to manufacturer's requirements and Section 4010, 2.03 and 3.04 for joints.

2. Connection to Existing Sewer Main and New RCP:

a. Cut sewer main for service tap with a hole saw or sewer tap drill.
b. Use preformed saddle wye or saddle tee for service tap. Use a gasketed saddle with rigid pipe mains and a solvent-cemented saddle with PVC mains.
c. Install according to the manufacturer's requirements, but always attach with, at least, two stainless steel band clamps.

C. Install If riser pipe where sewer invert is 12 feet or more below finished ground surface, install riser according to Figure 4010.1B.

D. If riser is required, install wye branch or tee branch with a sewer service grade of 1 to 5% (see Figure 4010.1B).

E. Extend riser pipe up to 10 feet minimum depth below finished ground surface. Plug unconnected end.

F. Connection of sanitary service to new sewer main:

1. Use only factory wye or tees, except for RCP.

2. Install according to manufacturer's requirements and Section 4010, 2.03 and 3.04 for joints.

G. Use preformed saddle wye or saddle tee for service tap to existing sanitary sewer main.

1. Tap existing sanitary sewer main with a hole saw or sewer tap drill.

2. Use gasketed saddle with stainless steel clamps.

3. Install according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

4. Prevent sanitary sewer service pipe from protruding into sanitary sewer main.

HD. ExtendFor undeveloped properties, extend building sanitary sewer from sanitary sewer main to a point 10 feet outside of the right-of-way line or as shown on the plans (see Figures 4010.1A and 4010.1B).

I1. Place watertight stopper, cap, or plug in end of sanitary sewer service.

J2. Mark the end of the service line as required by the Jurisdiction or as shown on the plans.

E. For reconnection of existing service pipe and new service pipe, install connection according to Figure 4030.2.

3.06 SANITARY SEWER SERVICE RELOCATION: Follow requirements of Section 4010.

3.07 TOLERANCES

A. Do not vary horizontal and vertical alignment of gravity sewer lines from design line and grade at any point along the pipe by more than 1% of the inside diameter of the pipe or 1/4 inch, whichever is larger.

B. Tolerance allowed for gravity sewer lines only if design line and grade is sufficient to prevent backslope when tolerance limits are reached.

C. Reverse slope on gravity pipe is prohibited. Remove and relay pipe to proper grade.

D. Do not vary horizontal and vertical alignment of force mains from design line and grade by more than 3 inches.

3.08 CONFLICTS

A. Provide temporary support for existing water, gas, telephone, power, or other utilities or services that cross trench.

B. Compact backfill under existing utility crossing as specified in Section 3010 or construct utility line supports where indicated on plans or as directed by Jurisdictional Engineer.

C. Separate gravity sewers from water mains by horizontal distance of at least 10 feet unless the top of sewer is at least 18 inches below bottom of water main, and the sewer is placed in separate trench or in same trench on bench of undisturbed earth with at least 3 feet of horizontal separation from water main.

D. Use ductile iron pipe as specified in Section 4010 for gravity sewers with less than 10 feet horizontal distance and top of sewer less than 18 inches below bottom of water main; maintain at least 2 feet linear separation.

E. Where gravity sewer crosses over water main or service, or where top of sewer is less than 18 inches below bottom of water main or service:

1. If physical conditions prohibit the separation, the sewer may not be placed closer than 6 inches below a water main or 18 inches above a water main. Use the maximum feasible separation distance in all cases.

2. Use 20 feet length of ductile iron pipe as specified in Section 4010, 2.01 G for gravity sewer centered on water main.

3. The sewer and water main must be adequately supported and have watertight joints. See Figures 3010.4 to 3010.6.

4. Backfill trench with low permeability soil for 20 feet length centered on crossing.

F. Separate sanitary sewer force mains from water mains by horizontal distance of at least 10 feet unless the force main is constructed of water main materials meeting minimum pressure rating of 200 psi and is installed at least 4 feet horizontally from the water main.

END OF SECTION