PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 UTILITY PROTECTION

A. Location of utility lines, mains, cables and appurtenance shown on plans are from information provided by utility agencies and the Owner.

B. Prior to construction, contact Owner and all utility agencies and have all utility lines and services located. Contractor responsible for excavating and exposing underground utilities by excavating ahead of work. One Call shall be notified by the Contractor a minimum of 48 hours before any construction activity is scheduled.

C. Contractor shall notify Owner and utility agency immediately if utility line is damaged during construction.

1. Repairs: When the Contractor disrupts or breaks facilities of the Jurisdictionor privately owned utilities or individuals, such facilities shall be repaired at the Contractor's expense. Unnecessary delays in making repairs shall cause the City to have such repairs made and the cost thereof deducted from the monies due the Contractor.

2. Drains, Pipe, Tiles: Existing subsurface drains, pipes, and tiles, which are disrupted or broken by reason of the construction shall be connected to the storm sewer, or another adequate outlet if storm sewer is not available. Should no outlet be readily available, the Jurisdictional Engineer shall determine a suitable solution.

D. Water Stop Boxes and Services: The adjustment of stems and castings and/or repair of those broken or damaged by the Contractor shall be at the contractor's expense. Relocation of stop boxes and services shall be by bid items.

E. Support and protect utility lines, poles and appurtenances in conflict with line and grade of work during construction.

F. Utility services are not generally shown on plans; protect and maintain services during construction.

3.02 GRADING (See Figures 7030.1 and 2)

A. Grading shall include all cuts, fills, and such work as is essential to the preparation for the subgrade and shall meet the requirements of Section 2010.

B. Stakes will be set for the line, finished grade, and other necessary points as required by the Jurisdictional Engineer. In staking the sidewalks, deviations from standard alignment or elevation may be necessary in order to clear obstructions, to meet existing driveways, or for other reasons. In such cases, more than normal cut or fill may be necessary and shall be provided by the Contractor as an incidental item.

C. Excavated material shall be hauled to a waste area at the work site. If no waste area is designated, the Contractor shall remove waste material from the site and dispose of the material.

3.03 SUBGRADE PREPARATION

A. Sidewalk Subgrade:

1. The Contractor shall remove all the material which will be displaced by sidewalk. Whenever filling is required to bring the subgrade to the proper elevation, the entire surface to be covered shall be scarified to a depth of at least 6 inches. The subgrade in embankments and fill shall be compacted in lifts of 6 inches or less. The subgrade shall be brought to a firm unyielding surface by tamping with a mechanical tamper. Vibrating tampers will only be allowed when granular subgrade is used.

2. All soft, spongy, or yielding spots, and all vegetation or other perishable matter shall be removed and the space filled with suitable material.

3. When different subgrade materials are encountered, the transition zone between the materials shall be removed to a depth of one foot and replaced with one of the materials. The line between each material will be transverse with the sidewalk.

4. It is permissible to excavate subgrade to a point 1 inch below the proposed grade and backfill with a maximum of 1 inch of compacted 3/8 inch limestone chips or select material.

B. Driveway Subgrade: The subgrade of all drives shall meet the requirements of Section 2010. Any brick area subject to vehicular traffic (driveways or sidewalks across driveways) shall have Portland cement concrete subbase meeting the requirements of Section 7010.

C. Recreation Trail Subgrade: The subgrade of all recreation trails shall meet the requirements of Section 2010.

3.04 FINISH SITE GRADING

A. The Contractor shall grade and shape the parking between the street and the sidewalk, and any necessary area between the back of the sidewalk and the limits of temporary or permanent easement required for construction.

B. The surface of the finished parking and slopes shall be cleaned of all stones, broken concrete, litter, oiled earth, oiled gravel, or any other material which in the opinion of the Jurisdictional Engineer is detrimental to the proper growth of the plant life.

C. All depressions, humps, and ruts, whether natural or caused by equipment shall be brought to proper grade to effect adequate drainage.

D. Unless otherwise specified in the contract documents, when sufficient topsoil is not available on the project to properly fill and finish grade a minimum width of 6 ft. on each side of a sidewalk or recreational trail or in the parking area, the Contractor shall supply suitable topsoil material and will be considered incidental to the sidewalk or recreational trail bid item.

3.05 SURFACE FIXTURE ADJUSTMENT

A. Adjust manhole frames and other utility fixtures and castings within area to be paved to conform to finished surface. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to cooperate and coordinate with the utility agency to insure proper fixture adjustment.

B. In no case shall the sidewalk, driveway or recreation trail be poured or bricks placed around the fixture or area in a manner as to render operation of fixtures difficult or impossible, without removal of a portion of the new sidewalk, driveway or recreation trail. Such adjustments shall be considered incidental to the work.

C. Clean outside of fixture to depth of pavement before sidewalk, driveway or recreation trail placement.

3.06 REMOVAL OF EXISTING SIDEWALKS, DRIVEWAYS AND RECREATION TRAILS

A. General: Complete removal of existing sidewalks, driveway approaches and recreation trials shall be done in areas shown on the plans or as directed by the Jurisdictional Engineer.

1. Remove as required without damage to adjacent property, trees, utilities, or street paving.

2. Any sidewalk, driveway or recreation trail not designated for removal, but which is damaged or removed, shall be replaced by the Contractor without compensation.

3. Disposal of rubble and debris resulting there from shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.

B. Concrete Removal: When sawing, all concrete shall be sawed full depth at the removal limits in straight lines and then removed.

C. Brick Removal: Remove existing brick sidewalks to the lines shown on the plans and marked by Jurisdictional Engineer. Salvage all brick removed for use in the reconstructed brick sidewalk or stockpile for use by the Jurisdiction as shown by plan note.

D. Curb Removal: At locations where concrete curbs already exist (known curb drops will be poured on new construction) grinding or sawing of curbs for handicap ramps, driveways and recreation trails shall be required unless not allowed by the Jurisdictional Engineer. The equipment used for the grinding or sawing shall be approved by the Jurisdictional Engineer.

3.07 FORM SETTING

A. Concrete Sidewalks and Driveways: Forms shall meet requirements of Section 7010. Forms shall be set true to line and grade and shall be held rigidly in place by stakes placed outside the forms and flush with or below the top edge of the forms. Leave forms in place not less than 24 hours after concrete is placed. Approved slip form paving equipment may be allowed in lieu of setting forms, if approved by the Jurisdictional Engineer. Dimensional lumber forms allowed only when adjusted to proper depth by the use of a nailer.

B. Brick Edge Restraints: Edge restraints as shown on the Standard Detail Plate shall be set true to line and grade along both edges of brick sidewalk.

3.08 PLACING CONCRETE SIDEWALKS, RECREATION TRAILS AND DRIVEWAYS (PCC)

A. Typical Section: The cross-section of the work shall conform to the class and type as specified in the contract. The standard or special detail plates for the stated class and type shall govern.

B. Concrete Driveway Placement: Shall follow Section 7010, Part 3. Hand methods will be allowed for placement of driveways. (See Figures 7030.3 to 7030.7).

C. Concrete Recreation Trail Placement: Shall follow Section 7010, Part 3.

D. Concrete Sidewalk Placement: (See Figures 7030.8 to 7030.13)

1. Maintain moist subgrade in front of paving operation.

2. The concrete shall be deposited on the subgrade in such a manner as to require as little rehandling as possible, to prevent segregation.

3. Hand spreading shall be done with shovels, not rakes.

4. Concrete shall be placed in such quantities to overfill slightly the space between the forms.

5. Consolidate by vibrators and smoothed by use of a straightedge.

6. Do not walk in the freshly mixed concrete with boots or shoes coated with earth or other foreign substances.

7. The grade and cross slope of the sidewalk shall be constructed within a tolerance of 1/4 inch per 10 feet (0.2%). It is recommended that a digital level should be used to verify the accuracy of the grade and cross slope of the sidewalk.

E. Sidewalk and Recreation Trail Construction Joints:

1. At the close of each day's work or when depositing concrete is stopped for 45 minutes or more, a construction joint shall be placed.

2. Construction joints shall be set to allow for uniform spacing of sidewalk joints.

3. Form construction joint by using a header board made from a clean plank having a thickness of 1-1/2 inches and cut to conform to the cross-section of the sidewalk. Set accurately and perpendicular to the surface and at right angles to the center line.

F. Sidewalk and Recreation Trail Transverse Contraction Joints:

1. Sidewalks:

a. Transverse contraction joints shall be formed to a depth of 1-1/4 inches with a pointed trowel or suitable spading tool. In lieu of forming, joints may be sawed within 12 hours of placement with a 1/8 inch blade saw.

b. The spacing of contraction joints will equal the width of the sidewalk.

c. Do not seal sidewalk joints.

2. Recreation Trails:

a. Contraction joints shall be sawed, in a timely manner with either an early "green" saw, or a conventional saw. Joints sawed with an early "green" saw shall be 1/8 inch wide and to a depth of 1-1/4 inches. Joints sawed with a conventional saw shall be 1/4 inch wide and to a depth of T/3.

b. The transverse joint spacing shall be equal to the width of the paved recreation trail, or as shown in the contract documents.

3. A hand-held saw may be used to cut the joints, provided the cut is made the same day concrete is placed and a straight edge guide is used.

4. Longitudinal contraction joints will not be required unless specified in the contract documents or one of the following conditions is met:

a. The pavement thickness is less than 5 inches and the width is 8 feet or greater, or

b. The trail width is greater than 12 feet

5. If longitudinal joints are required, they shall be sawed 1/8 inch wide to a depth of T/3.

6. Do not seal recreational trail joints.

G. Expansion Joints:

1. Install expansion joints in sidewalks and recreation trails where they abut pavement, buildings, and other structures.

2. Install expansion joints in driveways where they abut pavement, sidewalks, buildings, and other structures. (Exception: If intersecting sidewalk is constructed with a driveway, install an expansion joint on the property side of the sidewalk and a 'C' joint on the street side of the sidewalk).

3. Construct by installing a 1/2 inch or 3/4 inch thick strip of preformed resilient joint material, according to Section 7010, 2.02, the full depth of concrete. Trim any expansion joint material protruding above the finished work to the level of the abutting concrete.

3.09 CONCRETE SIDEWALK FINISHING

A. Float with a wooden float to depress the large aggregate and create a dense surface.

B. Allow to set until all shine has disappeared from the surface.

C. Steel trowel to a smooth surface free from defects and blemishes.

D. Finish joints with a jointer or groover tool if not sawed.

E. Finish edges of sidewalk or driveway with an edging tool having a radius of approximately 1/2 inch. Tool marks shall not appear on the finished surface.

F. For a non-skid surface, brush with a soft broom at right angles to the side forms.

3.10 CONCRETE DRIVEWAY AND RECREATIONAL TRAIL FINISHING AND JOINTING

A. Concrete finishing shall follow Section 7010.

B. Provide a burlap-drag or broom finish.

C. Provide C joints (both longitudinal and transverse) at equal spaces at locations such that the maximum distance between joints shall not exceed 12 feet.

3.11 CONCRETE CURING (PCC)

Concrete curing shall conform to Section 7010.

3.12 FORM REMOVAL (PCC)

Form removal shall conform to Section 7010.

3.13 PLACING BRICK SIDEWALKS - SAND BASE (See Figure 7030.15)

A. The cross section and patterns shall conform to the Standard Detail Plate.

B. Bricks shall be placed on smooth, compacted bedding sand and tightly set in place without gaps.

C. Bricks shall be compacted using a 3 to 5 ton roller or machine with a vibratory plate weighing a minimum of 100 pounds.

D. Joints shall be tightly compacted with brick sand/cement.

3.14 PLACING BRICK SIDEWALKS - CONCRETE BASE (See Figure 7030.15)

A. The cross section and patterns shall conform to the Standard Detail Plate.

B. Where required in the plans, complete the construction of the concrete base following Section 7030.

C. Asphalt Setting Bed:

1. The asphalt setting bed shall be installed over the surface of the cured portland cement concrete base course. Construct 3/4 inch deep control bars directly over the base. If grades must be adjusted, wood chocks under depth control bars shall be set to proper grade. The Contractor shall set two bars parallel to each other to serve as guides for the striking board. The depth control bars must be set carefully to bring the pavers, when laid, to proper grade.

2. While still hot (approximately 250°F), some of the asphalt bed shall be placed between the parallel depth control bars. This bed shall be pulled with the striking board over these bars several times. After each passage, low porous spots shall be showered with fresh asphalt material to produce a smooth, firm, and even setting bed. As soon as this initial panel is completed, the Contractor shall advance the first bar to the next position in readiness for striking the next panel. After the depth control bars and wood chocks have been removed, the Contractor shall carefully fill any depressions that remain.

3. The setting bed shall be rolled with a power roller to a nominal depth of 3/4 inch, while still hot. This thickness shall be adjusted so that when the brick pavers are placed and rolled, the top surface of the pavers will be at the required finished grade.

D. Neoprene Asphalt Adhesive: A coating of neoprene asphalt adhesive shall be applied by mopping, squeegeeing, or troweling over the top surface of the bituminous setting bed so as to provide a bond under the pavers.

E. Brick Pavers: After the modified asphalt adhesive is applied, carefully place the pavers by hand in straight courses with hand tight joints and uniform top surface. Good alignment shall be kept, and the pattern shall be that shown on the plans.

F. Protection:

1. Newly laid pavers shall be protected at all times by panels of plywood. These panels can be advanced as work progresses; however, the plywood protection shall be kept in areas which will be subjected to movement of materials, workers, and equipment. These precautions shall be taken in order to avoid depressions and protect paver alignment until cured and ready for pedestrian or vehicle traffic.

2. The joints in the concrete base shall not project through the asphalt setting bed.

G. Sand and Cement Filler: Sweep a dry mixture of one part brown colored Portland cement, to match brick pavers, and three parts sand passing the #16 sieve and conforming to ASTM C-144 until joints are completely filled. Provide brown colored Portland cement, type "S". Color of cement as approved by Jurisdictional Engineer. Fog lightly with water. Cement stains that remain shall be cleaned. Remove any stains from other concrete surfaces.

3.15 HOT MIX ASPHALT DRIVEWAY AND RECREATION TRAIL PLACEMENT

The hot mix asphalt placement shall meet requirements of Section 7020. Compaction shall be Class IC.

3.16 CLEANING SIDEWALKS, DRIVEWAYS AND RECREATION TRAIL

A. Remove all litter and construction materials or tools immediately after the end of the curing period.

B. Remove excess dirt from the site.

C. Broom clean the sidewalk, driveway and recreation trail.

3.17 DETECTABLE WARNING INSTALLATION

A. Pre-manufactured Detectable Warning Panels:

1. Install as detailed on Figure 7030.14

2. Support precast panels on all 4 corners with re-rod

3. Set panels in fresh concrete

B. Modular Detectable Warning Pavers (Brick Pavers):

1. Refer to Figure 7030.14.

2. Install in accordance with Section 7030, 3.14

C. Stamped Detectable Warning

1. Stamp in accordance with stamp manufacturer's recommendations.

2. Color concrete in accordance with concrete color manufacturer's recommendations.

3.18 RECREATIONAL TRAIL AND SIDEWALK SMOOTHNESS

A. Check finished surface with a 10' straightedge placed parallel to the centerline

B. Areas showing bumps of more than ¼ inch in 10 feet shall be marked and ground down with an approved grinding tool to an elevation where the area will not show deviations in excess of 1/8 inch.

C. The cost of correcting the smoothness, and any other associated costs, shall be considered incidental.